Fire Image Set for Evoking Panic
Abstract
Fire is the closest disaster to us, a person who put cigarettes around flammable objects could burn one to dozens of houses. The last thing that happens was a mass panic. In this kind of situation, panic is one of the keys to determine how much probability someone will survive. However, detecting someone's panic during a fire is impossible. This leads some scientists to assume that mass panic was never happening and some studies use simple functions to determine someone when panic. Currently, thanks to technological advances we can easily build virtual worlds that resemble real events. To build a virtual world that could evoke panic we still need the right stimulus. In this paper, we will discuss with terms of fire disaster stimulus that possible to impel someone to feel panic. While some stimulus datasets that already exist have more broad categories, we wanted to focus on a specific problem. The determined parameters are considered through several elements that could cause a person to panic, either before or during a fire. By using the Self-Assessment Manikin system to obtain valance and arousal matrix, we conduct a test to see how much influence the fire categories stimulus provided.
Downloads
References
L. Marsh, Anxiety and panic attacks, Mind, pp. 1–26, 2015, doi: 10.1007/s00259-002-0914-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-002-0914-2
E. A. Der Heide, Common Misconceptions about disasters: Panic, the “Disaster Syndrome,” and Looting. 2004.
E. L. Quarantelli, Panic Behaviour: Some Empirical Observations, Hum. Response to Tall Build., pp. 336–350, 1975.
H. H. Kelley, J. C. Condry, A. E. Dahlke, and A. H. Hill, Collective behavior in a simulated panic situation, J. Exp. Soc. Psychol., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 20–54, 1965, doi: 10.1016/0022-1031(65)90035-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(65)90035-1
E. K. B. Verschuere, G. Crombez, The international affective picture syst Flemish.pdf. pp. 205–217, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.981
E. S. Dan-Glauser and K. R. Scherer, The Geneva affective picture database (GAPED): A new 730-picture database focusing on valence and normative significance, Behav. Res. Methods, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 468–477, 2011, doi: 10.3758/s13428-011-0064-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-011-0064-1
B. Kurdi, S. Lozano, and M. R. Banaji, Introducing the Open Affective Standardized Image Set (OASIS), Behav. Res. Methods, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 457–470, 2017, doi: 10.3758/s13428-016-0715-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-016-0715-3
M. M. Bradley and P. J. Lang, Measuring emotion: The self-assessment manikin and the semantic differential, J. Behav. Ther. Exp. Psychiatry, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 49–59, 1994, doi: 10.1016/0005-7916(94)90063-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7916(94)90063-9
M. Wallmyr, D. Kade, and T. Holstein, Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality: Applications in Health, Cultural Heritage, and Industry, vol. 10910. Springer International Publishing, 2018.
M. Ziky, Review of A* (A Star) Navigation Mesh Pathfinding as the Alternative of Artificial Intelligent for Ghosts Agent on the Pacman Game, doi: 10.24003/emitter.v4i1.117 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24003/emitter.v4i1.117
Copyright (c) 2020 EMITTER International Journal of Engineering Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The copyright to this article is transferred to Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya(PENS) if and when the article is accepted for publication. The undersigned hereby transfers any and all rights in and to the paper including without limitation all copyrights to PENS. The undersigned hereby represents and warrants that the paper is original and that he/she is the author of the paper, except for material that is clearly identified as to its original source, with permission notices from the copyright owners where required. The undersigned represents that he/she has the power and authority to make and execute this assignment. The copyright transfer form can be downloaded here .
The corresponding author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors. This agreement is to be signed by at least one of the authors who have obtained the assent of the co-author(s) where applicable. After submission of this agreement signed by the corresponding author, changes of authorship or in the order of the authors listed will not be accepted.
Retained Rights/Terms and Conditions
- Authors retain all proprietary rights in any process, procedure, or article of manufacture described in the Work.
- Authors may reproduce or authorize others to reproduce the work or derivative works for the author’s personal use or company use, provided that the source and the copyright notice of Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya (PENS) publisher are indicated.
- Authors are allowed to use and reuse their articles under the same CC-BY-NC-SA license as third parties.
- Third-parties are allowed to share and adapt the publication work for all non-commercial purposes and if they remix, transform, or build upon the material, they must distribute under the same license as the original.
Plagiarism Check
To avoid plagiarism activities, the manuscript will be checked twice by the Editorial Board of the EMITTER International Journal of Engineering Technology (EMITTER Journal) using iThenticate Plagiarism Checker and the CrossCheck plagiarism screening service. The similarity score of a manuscript has should be less than 25%. The manuscript that plagiarizes another author’s work or author's own will be rejected by EMITTER Journal.
Authors are expected to comply with EMITTER Journal's plagiarism rules by downloading and signing the plagiarism declaration form here and resubmitting the form, along with the copyright transfer form via online submission.
